[CV BASIC] CVbasic help for a noob

[drfloyd]

 

Here is again the French casual coder, but passionate 😊
Who want to participate to NANO COSMOS development ? (CV Basic)

 

For now, I am in stress with the lake of string$ in CVBasic
I would like to generate random name of planets & people

 

In another basic I would have done that :

 

Dim t$(10)

Restore database

For i=1 to 20

Read t$(i)

Next i

'

Planetname$=t$(random(10))+t$(random(10))

Print planetname$

'

Database:

DATA TRAN,TOR,JU,PI,TER,NO,VA,SI,RIUS,SA

DATA NEW,GA,MARS,TI,TAN,NEP,TUNE,PLU,TON,LA

 

No string in CV... How can i do with CV ? (With putting data in ROM)

 

I have a suggession from Nanochess in private :

"You need to use DATA BYTE with strings.

And keep a small 8-bit array to copy strings.

And copy to screen from that 8-bit array."

 

Ok, but I do not unterstand. Who can give me an example ?
You will be in the greetings of my game

 

Thanks

Edited June 16 by drfloyd

[carlsson]

I don't know how CV BASIC does it, but IntyBASIC has the same shortcomings when it comes to strings. That is kind of funny as people tend to suggest creating text adventures, without them knowing how difficult it is to handle string data.

 

In one of the Intellivision games I'm developing, I have made a structure like this:

 

mystring01: DATA number, "TEXT", 255
mystring02: DATA number,"MORE TEXT",255

 

Then I have another structure:
 

mystrings:
DATA VARPTR mystring01(0)
DATA VARPTR mystring02(0)

 

In the code, I'm using #addr = mystrings(i) + 1 (to skip the first numeric value) and a WHILE loop to plot the string:
 

#where = SCREENADDR(x,y) : REM macro on the Intellivision
WHILE (PEEK(#addr)<>255)
  #data = PEEK(#addr)*8 + BGCOL + FGCOL
  REM The later two are STIC specific, so you don't need them on the ColecoVision
  POKE #where,#data
  #addr = #addr + 1
  #where = #where + 1
WEND

 

I can't PRINT such strings, I have to plot them directly to screen memory. As you see, I'm using an odd data value (255) to indicate end of string. At first I wanted to use 0, but that is SPACE on the Intellivision, meaning my strings could not have spaces.

 

I don't even want to start thinking about keeping strings in RAM, comparing them, concatenating them, dynamically change them and so on. I'm not sure if there is a C compiler better suited for that as well, or if you should not do string heavy programs on a video games console.

Edited May 23 by carlsson

[+evg2000]

something like this works:

 

t = 0

REM get length of word to print

length = #LOCATIONS(1)

REM get start of word to print

start = #LOCATIONS(0)

REM end of loop is one less than length of the word.

FOR #c = $1800 TO $1800 + length - 1

    REM get ascii value for letter

    t = #WORDS(start)

    REM print the int value read

    print at 320 + start * 32, t

    REM poke the ascii vaule on the screen

    VPOKE #c, t      

    REM increment the point in the word table

    start = start + 1

NEXT #c

REM Same but for next word

  length = #LOCATIONS(3)

  start = #LOCATIONS(2)

FOR #c = $1820 TO $1820 + length - 1

    t = #WORDS(start)

    print at 320 + start * 32, t

    VPOKE #c, t      

    start = start + 1

NEXT #c

REM loop forever

while 1 = 1

wend

REM word list in ascii values

#WORDS:

    DATA  72,69,76,76,79

    DATA  76,69,79

REM location data odd value is where word starts, even value is the length

#LOCATIONS:

    DATA 0,5,5,3    

[+nanochess]

I made a brief example.

 

	'
	' Example of string building
	'
	' by Oscar Toledo G.
	'
	' Creation date: May/23/2024.
	'

	FOR #c = 4 TO 740 STEP 32

		d = RANDOM(10)
		e = RANDOM(10)

		#d = #c
		c = d
		GOSUB point_to_word
		GOSUB show_word

		c = e
		GOSUB point_to_word
		GOSUB show_word
	NEXT #c

	WHILE 1: WEND

point_to_word:	PROCEDURE
	RESTORE planet_names
	WHILE c
		DO
			READ BYTE f
		LOOP WHILE f <> 0
		c = c - 1
	WEND
	END

show_word:	PROCEDURE
	DO
		READ BYTE f
		IF f THEN VPOKE $1800 + #d, f: #d = #d + 1
	LOOP WHILE f <> 0
	END

planet_names:
	DATA BYTE "TRAN",0
	DATA BYTE "TOR",0
	DATA BYTE "JU",0
	DATA BYTE "PI",0
	DATA BYTE "TER",0
	DATA BYTE "NO",0
	DATA BYTE "VA",0
	DATA BYTE "SI",0
	DATA BYTE "RIUS",0
	DATA BYTE "SA",0
	DATA BYTE "NEW",0
	DATA BYTE "GA",0
	DATA BYTE "MARS",0
	DATA BYTE "TI",0
	DATA BYTE "TAN",0
	DATA BYTE "NEP",0
	DATA BYTE "TUNE",0
	DATA BYTE "PLU",0
	DATA BYTE "TON",0
	DATA BYTE "LA",0

 

[drfloyd]

ok, thanks evg and Nano, everybody is helpfull 

 

Will try a apply Nano solution in my program.

I am i little disillusioned about the future of my game, as I need strings for planets, people, objects, etc....

[drfloyd]

Hi Nano,
With your example, i have tried to simplify as possible for reading name of people in a table :

 

restore heroes
' **** my choice
hero=5
' ******go to mu choice
for i=1 to hero
do
read byte f
loop while f<>0
next i
m=0
' ******* display
do
	read byte f		
	vpoke $1800+m,f
	m=m+1
loop while f<>0
while 1
wend
' ******** table
heroes:
DATA BYTE 0
DATA BYTE "PETER",0
DATA BYTE "SAM",0
DATA BYTE "TEDDY",0
DATA BYTE "ROGER",0
DATA BYTE "NANOCHESS",0

 

it works.

If a choose 1, it display PETER,

5, it display NANOCHESS

 

(Don't know if it if possible to simplify this code, perhaps)

The only problem is with the display:
at $1800 it's ok, it display at 0,0 
but if i choose $1832 for exemple, to display a column 0, line 1 (in my logic)..... No,  it display at another strange position :

 

Do not understand the display position

 

Edited May 24 by drfloyd

[+evg2000]

i think the problem is that 1800 is hex, so adding 32 moves you 50 from 0,0. you want 1820

 

$ means hex not decimal

[drfloyd]

My god, i restart the code and now it's working correctly, i have change nothing...

 

Cannot unterstand...

 

So, apparently, my code if working, even for the display...

 

Sorry 😕

[artrag]

The error is the address 

In hexadecimal the second line is at $1820, the third at $1840 and so on

[drfloyd]

cannot understand, now the code works with keeping $1800...

 

Mystery

[drfloyd]

Another question :

 

There is no transparency for PRINT ????

 

a choose 0 (transparent) for the second color, for exemple :

 

letter:
    DATA BYTE $f0,$f0,$f0,$70,$70,$50,$50,$40

 

but it hide the tiles which are below the text

 

 

[youki]

Each character is a tile , when you print something at one place, you replace the previous tile. 

 

The "transparency"  just means that it is affected by the background or border color.   If you change the border color the part of your text where the color is "0" will become the color you choosed for the border/background.

 

If you chosed color 1 for instance (which is black) , if you change to background color it will stay black.

 

In fact the transparency was here because it was planed a kind of video incrustation capabilities for the VDP  ,  if you choosed a color 0  and if you send a video source from a VHS for instance , you would have seen the VHS video every where the color is "0".   

 

 

[drfloyd]

Thanks Youki !

Other question :

 

Why i have only a total of 781 bytes ?

[+nanochess]

24 minutes ago, drfloyd said:

Other question :

 

Why i have only a total of 781 bytes ?

There are several things that the Z80 should care about while your game runs.

 

Subtract the following work data from the original 1024 bytes of RAM:

• 64 bytes for stack (GOSUB/RETURN/video interrupt)
• 33 bytes for music player.
• 146 bytes for support variables (128 are the sprite table).

[drfloyd]

ok, thanks

 

it's a un new difficulty for my game, but I beleive in my project, even with 781 octets !

[youki]

15 minutes ago, drfloyd said:

ok, thanks

 

it's a un new difficulty for my game, but I beleive in my project, even with 781 octets !

 

781 bytes it is huge ,  it is more than 6 times what you would have if you are doing your game on a Atari VCS. 😃   

 

And if you really don't have enough RAM , you can have still the possibility to use the free VDP RAM to store your variables.  (using VPOKE and VPEEK i think in CVBasic)

[drfloyd]

I heard about free VRAM....

Is is really free RAM ? If a remember if about 3 or 4Kb ???
Is it slow ? (no very important for me, as it is not an action game)

 

Perhaps could be interesting.... if someone give an example

[+nanochess]

1 hour ago, drfloyd said:

I heard about free VRAM....

Is is really free RAM ? If a remember if about 3 or 4Kb ???
Is it slow ? (no very important for me, as it is not an action game)

 

Perhaps could be interesting.... if someone give an example

 

In the normal mode you have 1K of VRAM free between $1c00 and $1fff. You can access it using VPOKE and VPEEK.

[drfloyd]

ok, if it become impossible to finish the game with my 781bytes, I will consider that

[drfloyd]

Another (stupid) question ?

 

How can a make variables as constants ? (in oder to not use RAM)

Exemple :

 

dim dmo(10)
restore liste

for i=1 to 10
 read dmo(i)
next i

liste:
data 5,7,8,5,4,7,8,9,8,7

 

I want dmo(10) do not use RAM, as values are fixed.
 

Edited June 16 by drfloyd

[artrag]

Use DATA with a label and recall the in these way 

liste(n) 

as it was an array

 

All you need is:

 

liste:

data 5,7,8,5,4,7,8,9,8,7

 

 

[drfloyd]

cannot understand, could you please give me an exemple ?

[+nanochess]

1 hour ago, drfloyd said:

cannot understand, could you please give me an exemple ?

FOR a = 1 TO 5

	PRINT 32 + a * 32, <>liste(a)

NEXT a

WHILE 1: WEND

	' Must be DATA BYTE because the label name doesn't start with #
liste:	DATA BYTE 1,2,3,4,5

 

Any label is ready to be read as an array.

 

[artrag]

for i=0 to 8
 k = 2*liste(i)
next i

end:
goto end

liste:
 
 data byte 5,7,8,5,4,7,8,9,8,7

 

[artrag]

Oscar was faster 😄